Sekilas Tentang Stanley Clarke

Stanley Clarke (lahir 30 Juni 1951 di Philadelphia) adalah seorang musisi jazz Amerika dan komposer terkenal yang inovatif dan berpengaruh dalam instrument double bass dan juga bass electrik, selain itu ia adalah penulis lagu dalam score-score film. Ia terkenal karena karyanya dengan fusion band "Return to Forever".

Early Life and Education

Clarke lahir di Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dia mengenal bass pada saat menjadi murid sekolah
( schoolBoy), saat itu ia datang terlambat, instrumen sudah dibagikan kepada siswa dan bass akustik adalah salah satu yang tersisia dari beberapa pilihan, dan Clarke tidak ada pilihan lain selain memainkan bass akustik.
Ia adalah seorang lulusan Sekolah Tinggi Roxborough di Philadelphia. Setelah lulus dari Philadelphia Akademi, (yang telah bergabung ke dalam Universitas Seni Philadelphia pada tahun 1985), ia pindah ke New York City pada tahun 1971 dan mulai bekerja dengan musisi terkenal termasuk bandleaders dan Horace Silver, Art Blakey, Dexter Gordon , Gato Barbieri, Joe Henderson, Chick Corea, Pharoah Sanders, Gil Evans dan Stan Getz.

1970s
Selama tahun 1970-an, ia bergabung dengan kelompok jazz fusion Return to Forever yang dipimpin oleh pianis dan pemain synth Chick Corea. Group ini menjadi salah satu group fusion paling berpengaruh dan merilis beberapa album yang banyak mendapatkan popularitas dan pujian dari kritikus.
Clarke juga memulai karir solo pada awal tahun 1970-an dan merilis sejumlah album di bawah namanya sendiri, yang terkenal adalah album solo School Days (1976), yang, bersama dengan Jaco Pastorius berjudul "self-titled debut", Clarke adalah salah satu bassist solo recording yang paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah fusion. Albumnya "Stanley Clarke" (1974) dan Journey to Love (1975) sangat terkenal.

Film and Televisison Composing

Clarke memulai dengan score TV ABC serial pendek live yang berjudul "A Man Called Hawk" dan sebuah nominasi Emmy untuk kategori score film dalam judul Pee-wee's Playhouse.
Clarke kemudian pindah bekerja sebagai seorang komposer, komposisi orkestra, konduktor dan artis untuk score film, seperti: Boyz N the Hood, film biografi Tina Turner What's Love Got to Do with It, Passenger 57, Higher Learning, Poetic Justice, Panther, The Five Heartbeats, Book of Love, Little Big League, and Romeo Must Die.
Dia juga membuat score film bekerjasama dengan Luc Besson producer/co dan penulis film-film action. Film The Transporter yang dibintangi Jason Statham dan Michael Jackson, merilis video yang disutradarai oleh John Singleton yang berjudul "Remember the Time", dll .

Right - Hand Technique

Clarke menempatkan tangan kanan sampai jari-jarinya mendekati senar bass, cara ini sering dipergunakan dalam memainkan upright bass, lalu diputar 90 derajat. Untuk melakukan tehnik ini, lengan berada hampir sejajar dengan senar, sementara pergelangan tangannya membentuk sudut siku-siku.
Pada saat solo, jari-jarinya sebagian mengait bagian bawah senar sehingga ketika dilepas, senar akan berbenturan melawan frets, menghasilkan suara yang perkusif. sering pula menggunakan variasi yang dipergunakan Larry Graham slap n'-pop teknik, Clarke kadang-kadang melakukan tehnik poping dengan menarik dua senar (contoh dari teknik ini adalah dalam lagunya "School Days ", " Rock and Roll Jelly "," Wild Dog ", dan" Danger Street ").

Discography

Solo albums

• Children of Forever (Polydor) (1973)
• Stanley Clarke (Nemperor) (1974)
• Journey to Love (Nemperor) (1975)
• School Days (Nemperor) (1976)
• Modern Man (Nemperor) (1978)
• I Wanna Play for You (Nemperor) (1979)
• Fuse One (IMS) (1980)
• Rocks, Pebbles and Sand (Epic) (1980)
• The Clarke/Duke Project, Vol. 1 (Epic) (1981)
• Let Me Know You (Epic) (1982)
• The Clarke/Duke Project, Vol. 2 (Epic) (1983)
• Time Exposure (Epic) (1984)
• Find Out! (Epic) (1985)
• Hideaway (Epic) (1986)
• Project (CBS) (1988)
• If This Bass Could Only Talk (Portrait) (1988)
• 3 (Epic) (1989)
• Live 1976-1977 (Epic) (1991)
• Passenger 57 (Epic) (1992)
• East River Drive (Epic) (1993)
• Live at the Greek (Epic) (1993)
• Live at Montreux (Jazz Door) (1994)
• The Rite of Strings (Gai Saber) (1995)
• At the Movies (Epic Soundtrax) (1995)
• The Bass-ic Collection (Sony) (1997)
• 1,2,To The Bass (Sony) (2003)
• The Toys of Men (Heads Up) (2007)
• Jazz In the Garden (Heads Up) (2009)

With Return to Forever

• Return to Forever (1972, ECM)
• Light as a Feather (1972, Polydor)
• Hymn of the Seventh Galaxy (1973, Polydor)
• Where Have I Known You Before (1974, Polydor)
• No Mystery (1975, Polydor)
• Romantic Warrior (1976, Columbia)
• Musicmagic (1977, Columbia)
• Return to Forever Live (1979)
• The Best of Return to Forever (1980)
• Returns (2009)

With Pharoah Sanders

• Black Unity (1971)

With The New Barbarians

• Buried Alive (recorded 1979, released 2006)

With Joe Farrell

• Moon Germs (1972)

As a co-leader/band member

• Echoes of an Era (with Chaka Khan)
• Echoes of an Era 2 Live (with Nancy Wilson)
• The Griffith Park Collection
• The Griffith Park Collection 2 In Concert
• Clarke/Duke Project (with George Duke) (1981)
• Clarke/Duke Project II (1983)
• Clarke/Duke Project III (1990)
• Live in Montreux, 1988 (1993, Jazz Door-bootleg)
• Stanley Clarke & Friends (with Larry Carlton, Billy Cobham, Deron Johnson & Najee)
• Live At The Greek (1994)
• The Manhattan Project (with Lenny White, Michel Petrucciani, Wayne Shorter) (1989)
• Animal Logic (1989)
• Animal Logic II (1991)
• Implosions (with Randy Brecker, McCoy Tyner, Frank Morgan, Peter Erskine, Roger Kellaway and Ernie Watts) (1987)
• The Rite of Strings (with Al Di Meola and Jean Luc Ponty) (1995)
• Vertu’ – McCoy Tyner with Stanley Clarke and Richie Kotzen (with Lenny White) (1999)
• McCoy Tyner with Stanley Clarke and Al Foster (2000)
• Thunder, as SMV (with Marcus Miller and Victor Wooten) (2008)
• Jazz in the Garden (The Stanley Clarke Trio with Hiromi and Lenny White) (2009)

As a producer

• Roy Ayers - In The Dark
• Roy Buchanan - Loading Zone
• Dee Dee Bridgewater - Just Family
• Natalie Cole - I’m Ready
• Maynard Ferguson - Hollywood
• Free Flight - Illuminations
• Rodney Franklin - Diamonds Inside of You
• Howard Hewett - I Commit to Love
• Kent Jordan - No Question About it
• Ramsey Lewis & Nancy Wilson - The Two of Us
• Jeff Lorber
• Marilyn McCoo
• Brenda Russell
• Shalamar - The Look
• Billy Shields - Shieldstone
• Jim Walker - Private Fligh

Filmography

Feature films

Like Mike 2: Streetball 2006 directed by David Nelson
Into the Sun 2005 directed by mink
Roll Bounce 2005 directed by Malcolm D. Lee
The Transporter 2002 directed by Luc Besson, Louis Leterrier, Corey Yuen
Undisputed 2002 directed by Walter Hill
Undercover Brother 2002 directed by Malcolm D. Lee
Romeo Must Die 2000 directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak
Dangerous Ground 1999 directed by Darrell Roodt
The Best Man 1999 directed by Malcolm D. Lee
Down in the Delta 1998 directed by Maya Angelou
B*A*P*S 1997 directed by Robert Townsend
Sprung 1997 directed by Rusty Cundieff
Eddie 1996 directed by Steve Rash
Higher Learning 1995 directed by John Singleton
Panther 1995 directed by Mario Van Peebles
The Show 1995 directed by Brian Robbins
Bleeding Hearts 1994 directed by Gregory Hines
Little Big League 1994 directed by Andrew Scheinman
Red Hot 1993 Paul Haggis
Watch It 1993 directed by Tom Flynn
What's Love Got to Do with It (the Tina Turner story) 1993 directed by Brian Gibson
Poetic Justice 1993 directed by John Singleton
Passenger 57 1992 directed by Kevin Hooks
Boyz 'N The Hood 1991 directed by John Singleton
Cool as Ice 1991 directed by David Kellogg
The Five Heartbeats 1991 directed by Robert Townsend
The Book Of Love 1990 directed by Robert Shaye
Tap 1989 directed by Nick Castle
One Down Two To Go 1983 directed by Fred Williamson

Television

“Lincoln Heights” (Series) 2006 – present ABC Family Channel
“Soul Food” (Series) 2000 - 2004 directed by Felicia D. Henderson
“Tales from the Crypt” 1990 directed by Jack Sholder, Joel Silver (Episode: “Fitting Punishment”)
“Hull High” (Series) 1990 directed by Gil Grant, Bruce Bilson, Kenny Ortega, Steven Robman
“A Man Called Hawk” (Series) 1989 directed by Mario DiLeo, Bill Duke, Harry Falk, Winrich Kolbe, Stan Latham, Sigmund Neufeld Jr, Virgil W. Vogel
Pee Wee's Playhouse (Selected Episodes) 1986 directed by Bill Freiberger, Steven Johnson, Guy J. Loutham, William Orr, Paul Reubens
“Knightwatch” (Series) 1988 -1989 directed by Sharon Miller, Kevin Rodney Sullivan

Television movies

“Murder She Wrote: The Celtic Riddle” 2003 directed by Anthony Pullen Shaw
“The Big Time” 2002 directed by Paris Barclay
“Little John” (Hallmark Hall of Fame) 2002 directed by Dick Lowry
“The Red Sneakers” 2002 directed by Gregory Hines
“Murder She Wrote: The Last Free Man” 2001 directed by Anthony Pullen Shaw
“The Color of Friendship” 2000 directed by Kevin Hooks
“The Loretta Claiborne Story” 2000 directed by Lee Grant
“Rocky Marciano” 1999 directed by Charles Winkler
“Funny Valentines” 1999 directed by Julie Dash
“If You Believe” 1999 directed by Alan Metzger
“Love Kills” 1998 directed by Brian Grant
“On the Line” 1998 directed by Elodie Keene
“Road to Galveston” 1996 directed by Michael Toshiyuki Uno
“The Cherokee Kid” 1996 directed by Paris Barclay
“Royce” 1994 directed by Rob Holcomb
“Relentless: Mind of a Killer” 1993 directed by John Patterson
“Boy Meets Girl” 1993 directed by Kevin Rodney Sullivan
“Final Shot: The Hank Gathers Story” 1992 directed by Charles Braverman
“Prison Stories: Women on the Inside” 1991 directed by Donna Deitch, Joan Micklin Silver, Penelope Spheeris
“The Kid Who Loved Christmas” 1990 directed by Arthur Allan Seidelman
“The Court Martial of Jackie Robinson” 1990 directed by Larry Peerce
“Blue Bayou” 1990 directed by Karen Arthur
“Dangerous Pursuit” 1990 directed by Sandor Stern
“Tales from the Whoop” 1990 directed by Whoopi Goldberg
“Out on the Edge” 1989 directed by John Pasquin

Animation

“Static Shock” (Series) 2000 directed by Denys Cowan, Dan Riba
"Cowboy Bebop" (Series) 1998-1999 directed by Shinichiro Watanabe
“Waynehead” (Series) 1996-1997 directed by Damon Wayans
“Cool Like That Christmas” 1994 directed by David Feiss, Swinton O. Scott III

Music videos

“Michael Jackson: Remember the Time” 1992 directed by John Singleton

Documentaries

Meet Bob Shaye 2004 directed by Jeffery Schwartz
Maryanne e gli altri (Italy) 1995 directed by Ita Cesa, Giuseppe Selva


Sumber : http://en.wikipedia.org